ADXL345 Accelerometer

SENSING PRINCIPLE: Measures acceleration and tilt along three axes (X, Y, Z) by detecting changes in capacitance between micro-machined structures, converting motion into digital signals.
SENSOR STRUCTURE: ADXL345 breakout board integrates a triple-axis accelerometer IC with onboard voltage regulator, MOSFET-based level shifters, decoupling capacitors, pull-up resistors, and status LEDs for ready-to-use operation.
PIN CONFIGURATION: GND (Ground), VCC (3.3 V–5 V Power Supply), CS (Chip Select for SPI), INT1 (Interrupt 1), INT2 (Interrupt 2), SDO (SPI Data Output), SDA (I2C Data Line), SCL (I2C Clock Line).
ELECTRODE CONNECTION: Connects to microcontrollers via I2C or SPI interfaces; supports 3.3 V and 5 V logic levels for broad compatibility.
OUTPUT SIGNAL: Digital acceleration data formatted as 16-bit two’s complement via I2C or SPI; includes tap/double-tap, free-fall, and activity/inactivity event signals through INT pins.
OPERATING VOLTAGE: Operates from 3.3 V to 5 V DC; onboard LDO ensures stable voltage for the IC.
SIGNAL CONDITIONING: Built-in level conversion, filtering capacitors, and FIFO buffer reduce noise and processor load, enabling accurate high-resolution measurements (up to 13-bit, 4 mg/LSB).
OPERATING TEMPERATURE: Standard conditions suitable for electronics and embedded systems; ultra-low-power modes allow standby operation at 0.1 µA.
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Compact module, 3 × 2 × 1 cm, lightweight at 5 g.
APPLICATION SCOPE: Motion and tilt sensing, mobile devices, gaming systems, robotics, vehicle data acquisition, vibration monitoring, structural monitoring, tap detection, disk drive protection, image stabilization, and sports/health devices.